American Civil Liberties are NOT Violated by the Patriot Act

American Civil Liberties are NOT Violated by the Patriot Act As we face the threat of terrorism, how do we protect ourselves without hurting our freedoms? Today, terrorism is a major threat to our homeland security and has become increasingly more prevalent and difficult to monitor with the publics accessibility to communication and information through todays technology. Terrorists are now able to communicate more freely with recent technological advances. In an effort to combat this new threat, the government passed the Patriot Act, which was created to relieve some of the difficulties of monitoring communications and activities of the public so the government can easily detect terrorist activity. In response to the†¦show more content†¦government, and we cant afford to have people lose their lives because part of the information is in one department and part is in another department and they are not talking to each other (Frank, 2002, p. 1505). The Patriot Act expands the pen register statute to include electronic communications and Internet usage, which was previously limited to tracing of telephone numbers called by suspect criminals (Olsen, 2001). In addition, this act allows the government to obtain warrants to examine what people read in libraries and bookstores from records on what a person checks out or buys. Moreover, the law allows the government to detain or deport suspects of terrorism as well as monitor financial transcripts and electronic records. Recently, the federal court ruled to expand the use of wiretaps and other surveillance techniques in tracking suspected terrorists under the Patriot Act. The main part of the ruling is removing previously existing legal barriers between the FBI and the Justice Department investigators, prosecutors and law enforcement personnel (Fox, November 2002). Those opposed to the Patriot Act claim that it takes away our civil liberties and basic rights afforded under the Constitution. Many argue that the bill was rushed through Congress and never gave members time to go over it or interpret it (Demmer, 2002). According to one representative who voted against the bill, the bill was never available to him to read before theShow MoreRelatedAliens : An Alien Who Arrives At The Nation s Borders7568 Words   |  31 Pagessubjected to mandatory detention is constitutionally guaranteed a bond hearing? II. Introduction In 2014, the Obama Administration adopted an aggressive deterrence strategy as a response to the surge in families arriving at the U.S. borders from Central American countries. There was an increase in murders committed by gangs such as M-18, specifically targeting women. The Administration requested that families that arrived at the border, including children should be sent to detention facilities. The DepartmentRead MoreCorrectional Administration Reviewer18383 Words   |  74 Pagesdistinguish from Penitentiary Science- Penology deals with the various means of fighting crimes as regards to penalties and other measures of security, while Penitentiary Science is limited only to the study of penalties dealing with deprivation of liberty. ï  ½ The Golden Age of Penology - the period from 1870 to 1880 was considered the golden age of penology because of the following significant events: ï  ± 1870- the National prisons Association organized in Cincinnati, Ohio. ï  ± 1872- the First InternationalRead MoreImmigration to the United States8027 Words   |  33 PagesImmigration Debate US immigration laws in the last 25 years †¢ 1980 - Refugee Act increased overall refugee quotas to 270,000 †¢ 1986 - Immigration Reform and Control Act granted lawful permanent residency to over 2.7 million undocumented immigrants †¢ 1990 - Immigration Act established categories of employment and placed cap of number of non-immigrant workers †¢ 1996 - Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act - imposed strict penalties against illegal immigration and expanded definitionRead MoreNotes18856 Words   |  76 PagesTable 4.1). The period from the  ­ id-1800s to the early 1900s marked the zenith of imperial rule m in Africa. The formalization of colonial rule was accomplished at the  ­ 99 M04_KHAF1713_04_SE_C04.indd 99 1/18/12 10:30 AM  100 C ha p t e r 4â€Æ' Colonialism and the African Experience Table 4.1 European Control of Africa Period Imperial Power France Britain Belgium Germany Italy Portugal Uncolonized Total Pre-World War I (percent) Post-World War I (percent) Read MoreAr 670-1117328 Words   |  470 PagesInsignia Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC 3 February 2005 UNCLASSIFIED SUMMARY of CHANGE AR 670–1 Wear and Appearance of Army Uniforms and Insignia This rapid action revision of 3 February 2005-o Updates figures throughout the regulation (throughout). o Clarifies the definition of unauthorized tattoos while wearing the class A uniform (chap 1). Identifies officials responsible for making initial entry determinations on tattoos and brands (chap 1). Delegates the authorityRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesmay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, website www.copyright.com. Requests toRead MoreAr 670-1116218 Words   |  465 PagesArmy Washington, DC 3 February 2005 UNCLASSIFIED SUMMARY of CHANGE AR 670–1 Wear and Appearance of Army Uniforms and Insignia This rapid action revision, dated 11 May 2012-o Integrates the Program Executive Office Soldier products list guidance into the Uniform Quality Control Program (para 2-8). o Makes administrative changes (app A: marked obsolete forms and publications; corrected forms and publication titles; and corrected Web site addresses; glossary: deleted unused acronyms

Cruel and Inhumane Treatment of Animals - 1390 Words

Animals aren’t actors, circus clowns or prisoners. So, how come it’s okay to force them to perform confusing tricks or travel across the country in cages and trailers? Why are they exploited for human amusement? Unfortunately, some of these animals even lose their lives from incessant physical punishment and abuse. Animal suffering can be seen in many forms of entertainment including rodeos, circuses, and zoos. There are around eight hundred professional rodeos and a number of smaller ones in the United States each year (Francione 25). They involve a series of timed events using horses and other farm animals designed to challenge the skills of the contestants. Circuses are also a very popular form of entertainment that began in the late†¦show more content†¦Various forms of punishment are also used in training to show human dominance over the animal. To make the animal suitable for the act, whips and bull hooks are often employed (Coster 36). Sometimes animals are choked with collars, tormented with electric prods or removed of their claws and teeth (AAC 200). â€Å"Dancing Bears† are sometimes burned by their animal trainers, forcing them to stand vertically (Francione 23). Secondly, animals in the circus are confined in small spaces in comparison to their wild habitats. While they are not performing, they are chained or confined in beast wagons with only enough room to stand up and lie down (Francione 23). These small, barren cages are only 1.2-1.5 meters wide and 2.4-3.08 meters long and can easily be compared to a man living in his closet. Circus big cats spend 75-99% of their lives in such wagons (Laidlaw, On Parade 14). The animals are forced to drink, eat, sleep and excrete in these enclosures. An investigation by The British Animal Defenders found that circus elephants spend 98% of their day in chains and a 2009 scientific journal, Animal Welfare, reviewed that they were chained 12-13 hours a day (Laidlaw, On Parade 13). H oofed animals usually spend their time in small stalls, tied by ropes. When animals are transported, they are confined in small areas for very long periods of time so they cannot shift in the vehicle. Some circuses say, â€Å"†¦elephants [are] chained in railcars for an averageShow MoreRelatedThe Ethical Treatment Of Animal Testing1199 Words   |  5 Pagesnot animals such as mice and rats should be experimented on. The organization Psychologist for the Ethical Treatment of Animals believes in observing animals instead of experimenting on them (Meyer). Another known organization is People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA). An organization that is in favor of animal experimentation is called Pro-Test and is located in the United Kingdom (UK). This organization thinks that experimenting on animals may help humans. About 95% of animals are notRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Not All Humane And Pain Free1130 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"An estimated 26 million animals are use d every year in the united states for scientific and commercial testing† (ProCon.org). We are rapidly using up the earth’s supply of small animals. â€Å"A 2011 poll of nearly 1,000 biomedical scientists conducted by the science journal Nature found that more than 90% agreed that the use of animals in research is essential (ProCon.org). Right now, millions of mice, rats, rabbits, cats, dogs, and other animals are locked up in cages and are getting killed for scientificRead MoreAnimal Cruelty959 Words   |  4 PagesAnimals are subjects to inhumane treatment by the hands of many individuals, however there is little done in order to protect them from this form of physical and neglectful treatment. Though there are several laws against this type of conduct, a great deal of animal abuse is unforeseen and these animals are victims whom cannot protect themselves. The state of New York describes felony animal cruelty as, â€Å"intentionally and without just cause seriously injuring or killing an animal† (Iannacone 2011)Read MoreAnimal Experimentation At University College London1685 Words   |  7 PagesI. Introduction a. Attention getter device: This is a picture of a kitten that was forced to undergo animal experimentation However, this is only one of the 11 at University College London that had part of its skull removed for a three-day round of experiments. The first day involved the kitten being paralyzed as electrodes and probes were put into their brains to be able to measure what they saw. The second day involved a plate being screwed into the skulls of the 11 kittens and they were placedRead MoreFood, Inc. : A Strong Critique Of Industrial Food Production919 Words   |  4 Pageschain in the United States, from the farms where our food is grown to the chain restaurants and supermarkets where it s sold. The film examines the industrial production of meat, grains, and vegetables, claiming the entirety of our food industry is cruel, and economically and environmentally unsustainable, as it continues to examine today’s industry by exploring the economic and legal powers large food compa nies have. Beforehand, food distribution was on the idea of self-sustaining farming, whereRead MoreShould Animal Testing Be Used For Scientific Or Commercial Testing? Essay1405 Words   |  6 Pageswanted to write about for the semester. Animal testing is a broad and controversial topic to many people because scientist and doctors are testing products on animals. Instead of testing on animals there are other ways to test products on. To prevent animal testing, one can buy cruelty-free products, educate others, help stop cosmetic testing or make donations to organizations that are against testing on animals. For my topic, I choose to research whether animals should be used for scientific or commercialRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing1725 Words   |  7 Pages Each year, more than 100 million animals are experimented on in U.S. laboratories. These experiments are for things such as biology lessons, medical training, curiosity-driven experimentation, and chemical, drug, food, and cos metics testing.(Procon writers) Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, is the use of non-human animals in experiments that seek to control the variables that affect the behavior or biological system under study. Animal testing is controversial and people findRead MoreAnimal Welfare Campaign Should Be Banned1185 Words   |  5 PagesEvery year, over billions of innocent animals, are dying, poisoned, and killed as a result of million experiments that are tested on them. These new experiments are not hundred percent guaranteed. However, these experiences may work with animals and give positive results, but when it tests back on the human, it gives the opposite results. The animal welfare campaign finds that testing new products on animals is an inhuman and a cruel thing and it should be stopped. So, they start making attacks aroundRead More Animal Rights Essay example1007 Words   |  5 Pageson the brain. Cruel and inhumane experiments like this one is an excellent re ason why people should recognize the importance of animal right activist groups such as PETA (People of the Ethical Treatment of Animals). Founded in 1980 by Ingrid E. Newkirk and Alex Pacheco, PETA is the largest group in the world with 600,000 plus members. PETAs effort to delete animal abuse in factory farms, laboratories, fur trade, and entertainment through education, investigations, research, animal rescues, legislationRead MoreIs the Captivity of Killer Whales for Entertainment Purposes Inhumane?924 Words   |  4 Pagesonly unethical but inhumane. This depicts the capturing process and life in captivity for public display of Orcinus Orcas, popularly known as Killer Whales since 1961. Although some laws regarding the capturing of whales have changed, whales are still being treated unethically. Just as inhumane as it is for this to be done to humans, it is equally inhumane for it to be done to animals. According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, inhumanity is â€Å"the qual ity or stage of being cruel to other people or

Gravity Essay Example For Students

Gravity Essay Gravity has many benefits to humanity. It holds us to the earth so we do not fall off the earth and die in space. It holds the planets in orbit around the sun, and moons in orbit around their planets. It also holds stars in orbit around the center of the universe. (Gibben, page 14)Sir Isaac Newton thought that God created a perfect universe. He thought our universe was so perfectly designed that if God left the universe could run by itself. This view was extremely different early pagan scientist and offered new views about gravity. (Lindley page 34 and 35). Some two-hundred years later Einstein developed the General theory of Relativity. In this theory he stated that matter disturbs space-time. he said that the universe is like a giant rubber sheet and objects such as stars bend space-time. (Gibben, page 49.)One of a gravitys most complicated features are black holes. Black holes are objects that have as strong or stronger pull of gravity as stars such as the sun compacted into a extremely small space. It is so strong that light can not escape a black hole. It has been proven that black holes leak. The smaller the black hole is the more it leaks. (Gibben, page 46) If a object is put in the path of a black hole the process of spegetification begins. This process begins when an object falls under gravity it stretches and stretches into a long thin object. the only way to get out is by traveling faster than the speed of light. (Gibben, page 63)According to Newton, if the sun was to disappear, the suns gravity would immediately disappear with it. This would cause the gravitational attraction of the sun and earth to immediately leave into outer space. Then the earth along with all the other planets, moons, and asteroids would fling into space. (Lindley, 186)All objects fall at the same. speed. Galileo found this out by dropping the cannon balls with different weights off the Tower of Pisa. Later, Isaac Newton found out that a heavier object needs a great pull of gravity for the object to fall as fast as the smaller object. (Lindley, page 188)Works CitedLindley, David. The End of Physics.1993 Basic BooksGibben, John and May .Time and Space. 1994Dorling-Kinchsley

Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay Example For Students

Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay In Hurstons Their Eyes Were Watching God, Janie Crawford is a suppressed woman with high hopes and dreams and only in the face of death is she able to break through and emerge stronger than ever. In the middle of the novel, Janie undergoes a rebirth. Her husband Joe dies and with him goes all memories of the old Janie, one that reluctantly conformed to the traditional housewife role. What emerges, is a strong, determined black woman, no longer hiding her beauty and this new Janie pursues her once lost dreams. Janie then reaches the climax of her new life when she is willing to die just to be with her husband, Tea Cake, in a violent storm. Her hopes have finally been fulfilled and she could want nothing more. The development of Janie as a character is remarkable as seen by her ability to triumph in the face of death. Joe Starks first came into Janies life when she was just an innocent young woman with all sorts of hopes and dreams. To Janie, he represented these dreams and was her opportunity to fulfill them. We will write a custom essay on Their Eyes Were Watching God specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now However, what Janie did not foresee is that Joe took her away from that life she hated with Logan Killicks and led her into that same life with him. For years and years Janie is suppressed and is unable to be the person she wishes to be. All those hopes and dreams that Joe once represented faded back to the horizon which nearly disappeared from sight. As long as Janie is with Joe, she can never live the life she had once hoped for. During these long years with Joe, Janie, on the outside, is lifeless, living a monotonous daily routine while inside her there still burns a small flame of hope. Joes death marks a significant moment in Janies life and development as a character. Gone with Joe is everything he represented. Janie is no longer suppressed and finally has the opportunity to be free and pursue her hopes and dreams. What emerges at Joes funeral is a new Janie. On the outside, she shows and does everything she is supposed to do. She starched and ironed her face which was like a wall of stone and steel. Janies exterior is hard and cold, like death, but it is to protect, to conceal what is happening inside. Inside, she is calm and the things of death reach but cannot disturb her for all things concerning death and burial were said and done. Hurston continually contrasts Janies interior to her exterior as to show her rebirth within while maintaining a solid appearance to please those around her. However, the first thing Janie does after the funeral is get rid of everything that reminds her of her old self. She burnt up every one of her head rags and went about with her hair down to her waist. Janies hair has always been one of her most striking features and now Janie finally can exhibit her femininity. The funeral is the beginning of a great change in Janie where, with Joe gone, she would have the rest of her life to do as she pleased. Janie, now free with Joes death, begins to ask herself questions and thinks back to her past which she despised so greatly. Hurston uses this long paragraph of Janies memories of her grandmother to show the extent of her suffering in the past and what may lie ahead in the future. As a child, Janie was very hopeful and dreamy. She had been getting ready for her great journey to the horizons in search of people. She was not the type of girl satisfied being a housewife and striving to live a secure life. No, Janie felt it was important to all the world that she should find them and they find her. However, in a single action, Nanny, her grandmother, shattered these hopes. By marrying Janie to Logan Killicks, Nanny was committing Janie to a life she wanted nothing of. .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8 , .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8 .postImageUrl , .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8 , .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8:hover , .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8:visited , .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8:active { border:0!important; } .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8:active , .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8 .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u189e506a31f236d660cc9305ca35daa8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Storm, The Yellow Wallpaper, Young Goodman Brown EssayIn doing so, Nanny had taken the biggest thing God ever made, the horizon, which Janie sought for so long, and pinched it in to such a little bit of a thing that she could tie it about her granddaughters neck tight enough to choke her. For this, she hated her grandmother. However, like The Man, who Hurston describes at the end of the passage, Janie is able to continue living and chasing her dreams and shining while doing so. Later in the novel, Janie faces death once again this time in the form of a vicious storm. She and Tea Cake and Motor Boat are stuck in a small house while the hurricane rages outside. Hurston uses an entire page to describe the ferocity of the storm. The storms winds become louder and higher and lower and wider, and it totally engulfs the house. The storm itself is personified, described as the monster which trampled over the roof of the house and roll in his bed. Hurston uses this personification to further emphasize the great magnitude of the storm and the extreme danger it poses, making it apparent that it is like death, threatening the lives of Janie and her beloved husband, Tea Cake. So great is the hurricane that Janie calls it His work. Only God can create such a storm with the fierceness to take their lives at anytime. And it is during this time, when a storm sent from God threatens her life that Janie comes to a realization that will forever change her life. Janie has searched her entire life for that perfect husband that would let her be herself and that could treat her right and she finally found that man in Tea Cake. During the storm, as Death encroaches, Janie realizes that she would rather be no place than in that house with Tea Cake. She says, when asked if she wished she had stayed back in Joes big house, Ahm wid my husband in uh storm, dats all. After two unhappy marriages, Janies dream is realized. She found the man she had been looking for her entire life and was willing to die just to be with him. For years, Janie was never content and always searching, but God opened de door and she found Tea Cake. God opened the door. God sent the storm. Janie and Tea Cake are destined to be together by God. She knows this and that is why Janie is able to endure and then emerge from the ferocious storm stronger than ever. Their Eyes Were Watching God is a novel about Janie Crawfords struggles through life and her search for true love. Oddly, in the face of death, Janie has the most strength, resolve, and even greater determination to venture forth in her journey of life. With the death of Joe Starks, Janie begins a new life and her old self, a woman that was suppressed by those around her, becomes a fading memory. Through ups and downs Janie always prevails and finally all her dreams and hopes are satisfied when she faces death once more in the vicious hurricane with her one and only love, Tea Cake. Janie is truly amazing as she is able to break free of the conventional ways and live her dreams even after being held back for so many years.

world war 1 essays

world war 1 essays World War I was the result of leaders' aggression towards other countries which was supported by the rising nationalism of the European nations. Economic and imperial competition and fear of war prompted military alliances and an arms race, which further escalated the tension contributing to the outbreak of war. For Twenty years, the nations of Europe had been making alliances. It was thought the alliances would promote peace. Each country would be protected by others in case of war. making it foolish for one country to wage war on another. The danger of these alliances was that an argument between two countries could draw all the other nations into a fight. This is just what happened when a conflict between Austria-Hungary and Serbia led to World War 1. Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey). Prominent among the war's causes were the imperialist, territorial, and economic rivalries of the great powers. The German empire in particular was determined to establish itself as the preeminent power on the Continent. The Germans were also intent on challenging the naval superiority of Britain. However, it was rampant nationalism-especially evident in the Austro-Hungarian empire-that furnished the immediate cause of hostilities. On June 28, 1914, Archduke Francis Ferdinand, heir apparent to the Austro-Hungarian throne, was assassinated at Sarajevo by a Serbian nationalist. One month later, after its humiliating demands were refused, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Other declarations of war followed quickly, and soon every major power in Europe was in the war. Some of the basic causes of World War 1 goes as far back as the early 1800's. Peoples controlled by other countries began to develop feelings of nationalism. Countries grouped together in rival military alliances to advance their aims. They fought for colonies and other lands. Finally, governments clouded international relations by car ...

Definition and Examples of Derivational Morphemes

Definition and Examples of Derivational Morphemes When youre talking about biology, morphology is defined as the branch of study that deals with the form and structure of organisms and their unique structural features. Linguists often think of language as a living thing because, like a biological life form, it is reshaped by external forces acting on its structure and also changes over time. Linguistic morphology, then, is the study of how words are formed and how they relate to other words in a common language. Much the same way a biologist might study the phenomenon of metamorphosis, a linguist might study a word and its component parts to learn how its structure and meaning have evolved. In grammar, a derivational morpheme is an  affix- a group of letters added before the beginning (prefix) or after the end (suffix)- of a root or base word to create a new word or a new form of an existing word. Adding Derivational Morphemes Adding a derivational morpheme often changes the grammatical category or part of speech of the root word to which it is added. For example, adding ful to the noun beauty changes the word into an adjective (beautiful), while  replacing the e with er at the end of the verb merge changes it into a noun (merger). The form of a word that results from adding a derivational morpheme is known as a derived word or a derivative. You can add derivational morphemes to free morphemes, which are those words that cant be divided into smaller component parts and retain meaning. Most one-syllable words in the English language are free morphemes. For instance, in the sentence: I hit the man on his head, each of the words is a free morpheme that cant be broken down into smaller parts. To give the sentence a more precise meaning, I could toss in a derivational morpheme. By adding the prefix fore to the word head the reader now knows which part of the head the man was hit on. Not only does it give the precise location of the injury, it indicates a greater potential for harm since the forehead is a very sensitive part of the human anatomy. You can also add more than one derivational morpheme to a root word to create several different meanings. For example, the verb transform consists of the root word form and a derivational morpheme, the prefix trans. By adding the derivational morpheme ation as a suffix, transform becomes the noun transformation. But you dont have to stop there. By adding another derivational morpheme suffix al after ation, you can create the adjective transformational. Inflectional Morphemes vs. Derivational Morphemes Inflectional morphemes  define certain aspects pertaining to the grammatical function of a word. There are only eight inflectional morphemes in the English language- and they’re all suffixes. The two inflectional morphemes that can be added to nouns are -’s (apostrophe s) to indicate the possessive case and -es to indicate the plural case. The four inflections that can be added to verbs are -(e)d to indicate past tense, -ing to indicate the present participle, -en, to represent the past participle, and –s, for the third person singular. The two inflections can be added to adjectives are: -er, for the comparative and -est, for the superlative. Unlike inflectional affixes, the potential number of derivational affixes in the English language is limited only by the scope of the vocabulary of a given speaker or writer. As a result, it would impossible to create a comprehensive list of derivational morphemes but we can look at a few representative examples. In American English when suffixes such as -ize or -ful are added to a noun, the noun becomes the corresponding verb, as in cannibalize, vaporize, mesmerize, helpful, playful, thoughtful, and so on. When the suffix -ize is added to an adjective, the words are transformed into verbs: realize, finalize, vitalize, etc. Some Morphemes are Both Inflectional and Derivational Meanwhile, some inflectional morphemes, specifically -ed, -en, -er, -ing, and -ly, can take on on characteristics of derivational morphemes. For example, the suffix -er can function as both an inflectional and a derivational morpheme. In its inflectional capacity, -er is added to adjectives to indicate the comparative as in thicker, describing something that has additional mass. As a derivational morpheme, -er gets a lot of use in the production of forming new nouns. Such morphemes when attached to root verbs form nouns such as farmer to describe someone who performs the action indicated by the verb. When -er is added to a root adjective, a noun is formed: as in homesteader, which describes someone in terms of the quality denoted by the adjective. When -er is added to a nominal root noun, the meaning of the resulting noun is incorporated in the modified word. Take the word freighter for example. The root word freight has been modified, however, the definition of the new noun freighter- a type of vessel used to transport freight- retains the quality denoted by the original noun. Sources Hamawand, Zeki. Morphology in English: Word Formation in Cognitive Grammar. Continuum, 2011Remson, Lynne Hebert. Oral Language from Literacy for the New Millennium, ed. by Barbara J. Guzzetti. Praeger, 2007Parker, Frank and Riley, Kathryn. Linguistics for Non-Linguists, 2nd ed. Allyn and Bacon, 1994

Writing a research proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Writing a research proposal - Essay Example In this regard, this proposal will dwell much on the effectiveness of using internet in fostering English learning and reading in high school in Sydney, Australia. This study is important as it will try to show whether the most used means of communication and information sharing can have a significant contribution towards better grades in high schools. Further, it will leave the option of using other means of learning to the schools incase it doesn’t have any impact. According to James, J. (2000), the Internet is a new and an expanding tool for learning which if well utilized according to the intended needs then it can transform the world to a global village in terms of knowledge and learning skills. To him, a study done on the effectiveness of the internet in learning had no significant reason as to why it should not be believed to be a tool which is effective. To Vargo, J (2007), internet technologies provide a sound foundation on which to build more effective and efficient educational programmes which can enhance students learning and understanding what they are learning. Internet in its capacity as a tool is like a ripple on the surface of education in that, it offers an intellectual challenge which can be said to be an educational history of the whole mankind (Arsham, H 2007). According to him, the importance of internet in education system and in particular the use of the Web is a well known fact. In the internet according to Arsham, H (2007), a wealth of resources as well as techniques do exist which act as sources of both new practices and easily accessible methods which can be adopted for the various formats learning and understanding. According to him further, the internet technology allows students keep up with their minds while letting them try their ideas once they come up with them. In general, students should appreciate